\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0448\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438<\/a> \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n(1) \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f HNO3 6% \uff5e 25% + HF 0.5% \uff5e 8% (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f) \uff1a<\/p>\n
\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 21 \u2103 \uff5e 60 \u2103; \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438; \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0430\u043c\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f 5% 10% \u041c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430); \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 49 \u2103 \uff5e 71 \u2103; \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f 10\u043c\u0438\u043d \uff5e 60\u043c\u0438\u043d.<\/p>\n
(2) \u041f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 HNO3 20% \uff5e 50% (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f):<\/p>\n
\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 49 \uff5e 71 \u2103; \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f 10\u043c\u0438\u043d \uff5e 30\u043c\u0438\u043d; \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 2\u043b \uff5e 38 \u2103; \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f 30\u043c\u0438\u043d \uff5e 60\u043c\u0438\u043d; \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e HNO320% \uff5e 50% + Na2Cr207H2O 22% \uff5e 6% (\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430); \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 49 \u2103 \uff5e 54 \u2103; \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f 15\u043c\u0438\u043d \uff5e 30\u043c\u0438\u043d; \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 21 \u2103 \uff5e 38 \u2103; \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f 30\u043c\u0438\u043d \uff5e 60\u043c\u0438\u043d.<\/p>\n
(3) \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f H2SO4 8% \uff5e 11% (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f):<\/p>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 66 \u2103 \uff5e 82 \u2103; 6 \u0434\u044e\u0439\u043c\u043e\u0432 5\u043c\u0438\u043d \uff5e 45\u043c\u0438\u043d; HNO3 6% \uff5e 25% + HF 0.5% \uff5e 8% (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f); \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 21 \u2103 \uff5e 60 \u2103; \u0438\u043b\u0438 HNO3 15% \uff5e 25% + HF l % \uff5e 8 (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f).<\/p>\n
\u0428\u0442\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440<\/strong><\/p>\n(1) HNO3 25% ~ + 4% HF + 71% \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0442 (\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f) \u0438 BaSO4, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0443. \u041f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430: 30% HNO3 \u0438\u043b\u0438 25% + 1% HNO3 (\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430) K2Cr2O7 \u0438 BaSO4 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 5\u201330 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e pH = 7. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u044b\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n
(2) \u041f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: HNO3 8% \uff5e 14% (\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430); HF 10% \uff5e 15% (\u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442); \u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u044f 2.2% \uff5e 2.7% (\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430) \u043d\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u044f 60% \uff5e 70% (\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0433\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438); \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 2.3% \u0434\u043e 2.8% (\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0438); \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c).<\/p>\n
\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n\u0420\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438<\/a> \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0448\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0448\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 - HNO3.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0448\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0449\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0438 (Eb) \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 1000 \u043c\u0412 (\u0432 3% NaCl), \u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 (\u0432 20% -30% H2SO4 \u043f\u0440\u0438 45 \u00b0 C).<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":5634,"template":"","categories":[186],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5633","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stainless-steel-knowledge"],"yoast_head":"\n
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