{"id":6095,"date":"2020-06-10T07:14:07","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T07:14:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kaysuns.com\/?p=6095"},"modified":"2025-07-10T06:29:37","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T06:29:37","slug":"por-que-existem-alguns-acos-inoxidaveis-com-grau-l-h","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.kaysuns.com\/pt\/blog\/por-que-existem-alguns-acos-inoxidaveis-com-grau-l-h\/","title":{"rendered":"O que s\u00e3o a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel H e L"},"content":{"rendered":"

Graus austen\u00edticos s\u00e3o aquelas ligas comumente usadas em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel. O a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel austen\u00edtico n\u00e3o \u00e9 magn\u00e9tico. A liga austen\u00edtica mais comum \u00e9 o a\u00e7o ferro-cromo-n\u00edquel, amplamente conhecido como a s\u00e9rie 300.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Devido ao alto teor de cromo e n\u00edquel, os tubos de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel austen\u00edtico s\u00e3o os mais resistentes \u00e0 corros\u00e3o no grupo do a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel, proporcionando propriedades mec\u00e2nicas excepcionalmente boas. Eles n\u00e3o podem ser endurecidos por tratamento t\u00e9rmico, mas podem ser significativamente endurecidos por trabalho a frio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Straight Grade<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As notas diretas de tubos de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel austen\u00edtico<\/a> cont\u00e9m at\u00e9 0,08% de carbono. H\u00e1 um equ\u00edvoco de que o a\u00e7o puro cont\u00e9m pelo menos 0,035% de carbono, mas a especifica\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o exige isso. Contanto que o material atenda aos requisitos f\u00edsicos de grau puro, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 requisito m\u00ednimo de carbono.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Grau \"L<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O grau \"L\" \u00e9 usado para fornecer resist\u00eancia adicional \u00e0 corros\u00e3o ap\u00f3s a soldagem. A letra \"L\" ap\u00f3s a tubo de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel<\/a> tipo indica baixo carbono (ex. 304L). Manter carbono a 0,035% ou inferior para evitar a precipita\u00e7\u00e3o de carboneto. O carbono no a\u00e7o precipitar\u00e1 quando aquecido a uma temperatura cr\u00edtica de 800\u00b0F a 1600\u00b0F, combinar com o cromo e acumular-se nos limites dos gr\u00e3os. Isto retira o cromo da solu\u00e7\u00e3o no a\u00e7o e promove a corros\u00e3o perto dos limites do gr\u00e3o. Ao controlar a quantidade de carbono, isto \u00e9 minimizado. Para soldabilidade, use grau \"L\". Voc\u00ea pode perguntar por que todos os a\u00e7os inoxid\u00e1veis n\u00e3o s\u00e3o de grau \"L\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existem duas raz\u00f5es:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O grau \"L\" \u00e9 mais caro;
O carbono tem alta resist\u00eancia f\u00edsica em altas temperaturas;
Quanto mais alto for o teor de carbono, maior ser\u00e1 o limite de elasticidade.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"tubo<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Os laminadores freq\u00fcentemente compram mat\u00e9rias-primas de grau \"L\", mas especificam as propriedades f\u00edsicas das classes retas para manter a resist\u00eancia das classes retas. O bolo tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 aquecido. Isto resultou no material ter obtido a certifica\u00e7\u00e3o dupla 304\/304L; 316\/316L e outras classes \"H\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

o Grau \"H\".<\/strong> O conte\u00fado de carbono \u00e9 de pelo menos 0,04% e o conte\u00fado m\u00e1ximo de carbono \u00e9 de 0,10%, que \u00e9 indicado pela letra \"H\" ap\u00f3s a liga. As pessoas exigem principalmente o grau \"H\", pois o material ser\u00e1 utilizado em temperaturas extremas, pois o maior teor de carbono ajuda o material a manter a resist\u00eancia em temperaturas extremas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Voc\u00ea pode ouvir o termo \"recozimento de solu\u00e7\u00f5es\". Isto significa que somente os carbonetos que podem ter precipitado (ou movido para) o limite do gr\u00e3o s\u00e3o re-dissolvidos (dispersos) na matriz met\u00e1lica atrav\u00e9s do processo de recozimento. Se o recozimento ap\u00f3s a soldagem n\u00e3o for vi\u00e1vel, usar o grau \"L\", por exemplo, no campo de tubos e acess\u00f3rios de soldagem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Tipo 304<\/strong><\/td>O mais comum dos graus austen\u00edticos, contendo aproximadamente 18% cromo e 8% n\u00edquel. \u00c9 usado para equipamentos de processamento qu\u00edmico, para ind\u00fastrias de alimentos, latic\u00ednios e bebidas, para trocadores de calor e para produtos qu\u00edmicos mais brandos. <\/td><\/tr>
Tipo 316<\/strong><\/td>Cont\u00e9m 16% a 18% de cromo e 11% a 14% de n\u00edquel. Ele tamb\u00e9m cont\u00e9m molibd\u00eanio<\/a> adicionado ao n\u00edquel e ao cromo do 304. O molibd\u00eanio \u00e9 usado para controlar o ataque do tipo pit. O tipo 316 \u00e9 usado no processamento de produtos qu\u00edmicos, no setor de papel e celulose, no processamento e distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos e bebidas e no setor de mais ambientes corrosivos<\/a>. O molibd\u00eanio deve ter um m\u00ednimo de 2%. <\/td><\/tr>
Digite 317<\/strong><\/td>Cont\u00e9m uma porcentagem maior de molibd\u00eanio do que 316 para ambientes altamente corrosivos. Deve ter um m\u00ednimo de 3% \u201cmoly\u201d. \u00c9 freq\u00fcentemente usado em pilhas que cont\u00eam depuradores. <\/td><\/tr>
Modelo 317L<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n Restringe o conte\u00fado m\u00e1ximo de carbono a 0,030% m\u00e1x. e sil\u00edcio para 0,75% m\u00e1x. para resist\u00eancia extra \u00e0 corros\u00e3o. <\/td><\/tr>
Tipo 317LM<\/strong><\/td>Requer um teor de molibd\u00eanio de 4.00% min. <\/td><\/tr>
Tipo 317LMN<\/strong><\/td>Requer um teor de molibd\u00eanio de 4.00% min. e nitrog\u00eanio de 0,15% min. <\/td><\/tr>
Modelo 321<\/u>
Modelo 347<\/u> <\/strong><\/td>		Esses tipos foram desenvolvidos para resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o para repetidas exposi\u00e7\u00f5es intermitentes a temperaturas acima de 800 graus F. O tipo 321 \u00e9 feito pela adi\u00e7\u00e3o de tit\u00e2nio e o tipo 347 \u00e9 feito pela adi\u00e7\u00e3o de t\u00e2ntalo \/ columbio. Essas classes s\u00e3o usadas principalmente na ind\u00fastria aeron\u00e1utica. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\nTalvez voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m queira ler:\nO significado das letras ap\u00f3s os tipos de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel<\/a>","protected":false},"featured_media":6097,"template":"","categories":[186],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6095","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stainless-steel-knowledge"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat Are H and L Stainless Steel - Duplex Pipe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The "L" grade is used to provide additional corrosion resistance after welding. 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